Sanity and Madness

Insanity is an affliction inflicted upon those who suffer from extraordinary physical, mental, or spiritual anguishes and trials. Insanity can also be caused by exposure to particularly potent sources of unhinging horror, madness, or alien natures, such that the mind simply cannot withstand them. Insanity is a mind-affecting effect.

Going Insane

In-game, a person has a chance of going insane every time he suffers a tremendous shock to one of his mental ability scores—Intelligence, Wisdom, or Charisma. Every time a creature is reduced to a score of 0 in one of these scores, there’s a chance he goes insane. (Note: Wisdom damage is particularly likely to cause insanity, since a 0 Wisdom score imparts a –5 penalty on all Will saves.) Either roll on the table on this page or select an insanity appropriate to the cause of what reduced the victim’s score to 0. You should make the victim’s saving throw in secret—he should not know the result, nor the type of insanity that might afflict him. These effects should play out naturally— some insanities (like phobias) take days or even months to trigger or have effects, while others (such as paranoia) are immediately obvious.

At your option, a creature can run the risk of going insane under extremely unusual situations, even when his mental ability scores are unharmed. A character suffering from long imprisonment might have to make a save against developing agoraphobia or claustrophobia. Someone repeatedly betrayed by allies might have to make a save against developing paranoia. And a poor soul whose mind is possessed by a powerful demon might have to make a save upon being exorcized to keep from becoming psychotic. The causes of such insanities are left to you as the GM to determine.

Insanity can also be inflicted via magic. Consider allowing the spell insanity to merely inflict 1 randomly determined insanity per 5 caster levels on its victim rather than causing permanent confusion. Bestow curse can also inflict a single insanity on a foe, although in this case the insanity is also a curse.

It’s possible to suffer from multiple forms of insanity. If you become afflicted with a form of insanity you are already suffering from, the current DC of that insanity increases by +5.

Curing Insanity

All insanities have a DC that represents the insanity’s strength. An insanity’s DC indicates the Will save you need to roll in order to resist contracting the insanity when you are initially exposed to it, but also the DC you need to make to recover. Recovering from an insanity naturally is a lengthy process—once per week, you make a Will save against the insanity’s current DC. If you succeed on this save, the insanity’s DC is reduced by a number of points equal to your Charisma bonus (minimum of 1). You continue to suffer the full effects of the insanity until its DC is reduced to 0, at which point you are cured and the insanity vanishes completely.

Lesser restoration has no effect on insanity, but restoration reduces the current DC of one insanity currently affecting a target by an amount equal to the caster’s level. Greater restoration, heal, limited wish, miracle, or wish immediately cures a target of all insanity.

Types of Insanity

When a creature goes insane, roll on the following table to determine what form of insanity strikes. Alternatively, you can assign the insanity to match the cause.

d%

Insanity
1–11
Amnesia
12–48
Mania/Phobia
49–68
Multiple Personality Disorder
69–78
Paranoia
79–84
Psychosis
85–100
Schizophrenia

Amnesia
Type insanity; Save Will DC 20
Onset immediate
Effect –4 penalty on Will saving throws and all skill checks;
loss of memory (see below)

Description
A character suffering from amnesia cannot remember things;
his name, his skills, and his past are all equal mysteries. He can
build new memories, but any memories that existed before he
became an amnesiac are suppressed.
Worse, the amnesiac loses all class abilities, feats, and skill
ranks for as long as his amnesia lasts. He retains his base
attack bonus, base saving throw bonuses, combat maneuver
bonus, combat maneuver defense, total experience points,
and hit dice (and hit points), but everything else is gone until
the amnesia is cured. If a character gains a class level while
suffering from amnesia, he may use any abilities gained by
that class level normally. If the class level he gained was of a
class he already possess levels in, he gains the abilities of a
1st-level character of that class, even though he is technically
of a higher level in that class. If his amnesia is later cured, he
regains all the full abilities of this class, including those gained
from any levels taken while he was suffering from amnesia.

Mania/Phobia
Type insanity; Save Will DC 14
Onset 1 day
Effect target is sickened (if manic) or shaken (if phobic) as long
as the source of the mania or phobia is obvious; chance of
becoming fascinated or frightened (see below)

Description
A mania is an irrational obsession with a (usually inappropriate)
particular object or situation, while a phobia is an irrational fear
of a (usually commonplace) object or situation. Additionally,
if a manic or phobic character is directly confronted by his
obsession (requiring a standard action), he must make a Will
save against the insanity or become fascinated (if manic) or
frightened (if phobic) by the object for 1d6 rounds.

Multiple Personality Disorder
Type insanity; Save Will DC 19
Onset 2d6 days
Effect –6 penalty on Will saving throws and Wisdom-
based skill checks; multiple personalities (see below)

Description
This is a complicated disorder that
manifests as 1 or more distinct and different
personalities within the same body and mind.
The number of additional personalities the victim
manifests equals the DC of the insanity divided
by 10 (round down, minimum of 1 additional
personality). Should the insanity worsen in some
way (such as by the save DC increasing), the
number of additional personalities increases
as well. Likewise, the number of additional
personalities decreases as the sufferer recovers
and the insanity’s DC decreases. The GM should
develop these additional personalities.
Every morning, and each time the afflicted
character is rendered unconscious, he
must make a Will save against his
insanity’s DC. Failure indicates that
a different personality takes over.
A character’s memories and skills
remain unchanged, but the various
personalities have no knowledge of
each other and will deny, often violently,
that these other personalities exist.

Paranoia
Type insanity; Save Will DC 17
Onset 2d6 days
Effect –4 penalty on Will saves and
Charisma-based skill checks; cannot
receive benefit from or attempt the
Aid Another action; cannot willingly
accept aid (including healing) from
another creature unless he makes a
Will save against his insanity’s DC

Description
The paranoid character is convinced that the world and all
that dwell within it are out to get him. Paranoid characters are
typically argumentative or introverted.

Psychosis
Type insanity; Save Will DC 20
Onset 3d6 days
Effect character becomes chaotic evil; gains +10 competence
bonus on Bluff checks to hide insanity

Description
This complex insanity fills the victim with hate for the world.
He may suppress his psychosis for a period of 1 day by
making a Will save against the DC of
his insanity, otherwise he cannot help
but plot and plan the death
and destruction of his friends
and enemies alike. For the
most part, the impact of
psychosis must be roleplayed,
although not all players find
entertainment in roleplaying
a lunatic who’s trying to do in
his friends. In such cases, the
GM should assume control of
the character whenever his
psychosis is in control.

Schizophrenia
Type insanity; Save Will
DC 16
Onset 1d6 days
Effect –4 penalty on all
Wisdom and Charisma-based
skill checks; cannot take 10 or take
20; chance of becoming confused
(see below)
Description A schizophrenic
character has lost his grip on
reality, and can no longer tell
the difference between what
is real and what is not. These
constant hallucinations cause the
schizophrenic to appear erratic,
chaotic, and unpredictable
to others. Each time a
schizophrenic character finds
himself in a stressful situation
(such as combat) he must make
a Will save against his insanity’s
DC. Failure indicates that the
character becomes confused for
1d6 rounds.